Injectable Drug Stops HIV From Entering Cells

Once in the body, HIV tracks down T cells that bear the CD4 receptor. It attaches to these immune cells, fusing itself with the T cell’s membrane before injecting its genetic material into the cell’s core. Next, the viral RNA is converted to a DNA format before the host cell’s machinery is hijacked to produce multiple new copies of the virus.

A collaborative effort led by University of Utah Health researchers has resulted in a new experimental treatment to block the first step in HIV infection: its entry into T cells. This new drug promises significant advantages over existing “cocktail” treatments including longer-lasting effects and fewer adverse side effects. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).

Michael S. Kay, senior author and professor of biochemistry said, “This is an exciting new HIV therapeutic option for both prevention and treatment, with a unique mechanism of action compared to other approved drugs.”

HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is among the biggest, toughest challenges in global health with approximately 38 million people worldwide with HIV/AIDS in 2019. The current standard of care involves combination antiretroviral therapy, or cART, a cocktail of drugs that improves the quality of life for the patients that take it. The downsides of this form of…